Influenza

This is the parent page for Influenza. This has some basic/ general info about influenza, but for deeper dives into specific topics, see below.

For Influenza treatment, click HERE!

For Influenza post exposure prophylaxis, click HERE

For Influenza vaccination, click HERE!

Guidelines

• 2009 guidelines: Harper et al. Clin Infect Dis 2009;48(8):1003-1032.
• 2019 guidelines: Uyeki et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2019;68(6):e1–e47.

Review Articles

• In the clinic: influenza: Uyeki. Ann Intern Med 2017.
• Influenza-bacterial coinfection: Chertow et al. J Am Med Assoc 2013;309(3):275-282.
• Influenza: Ghebrehewet et al. BMJ 2016;355:i6258.
• Influenza: Mossad. Cleve Clin J Med. 2016;83(11):836-840.
• Complications of seasonal and pandemic influenza: Rothberg et al. Crit Care Med. 2010;38(4 suppl):e91-e97.
• Prevention and management of influenza in pregnancy: Beigi RH. Ob and Gyn Clin 2014;41:535-546.
• Influenza in pregnancy: Meijer et al. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2015;94(8):797-819.

Trials

• Anticoagulation reduced the risk of VTE in patients with influenza and ARDS: Obi et al. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2019;7(3):317-324.

Articles

• Case series of DVT/PE related to H1N1: Dimakokos et al. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2016;3(4):ofw214.
• Case series of DVT/PE related to H1N1: Avnon et al. Eur J Intern Med 2015;26(8):596-598.
• Risk of VTE in the year after respiratory infection including influenza: Clayton et al. Int J Epidemiol 2011;40(3):819-827.
• Risk of PE after influenza – negative study: van Wissen et al. Thromb J 2007;16(5):16.
• Increased risk of MI or death after influenza: Warren-Gash et al. Lancet Infect Dis. 2009;9(10):601-610.
• Greatly increased risk of MI after influenza: Kwong et al. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jan 25;378(4):345-353.
• Influenza associated with an increased risk of MIs on a population level: Mohammad et al. PLoS One. 2020;15(8):e0236866.
• Influenza coinfections in critically ill immunosuppressed patients: Martin-Loeches et al. Crit Care 2019;23:152.
• Bacterial and viral co-infections with influenza 2013-2014: bacterial co-infections were common and associated with increased mortality: Shah et al. J Clin Virol. 2016 Jul;80:12-9.
• Increased mortality with influenza and S. aureus co-infection: McDaniel et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(7):1253-1256.
• Lessons learned from reconstructing the 1918 influenza pandemic (1918 genetics): Garcia-Sastre et al. J Infect Dis 2006;194:S127-132.
• Bacterial superinfections in 2009 H1N1 pandemic: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2009;58(38):1071-4.

Tweetorials

Seasonality of influenza

1/14
Why does influenza have a "seasonal" trend with a winter peak?

As we enter flu season in the United States, it's worth asking what changes in the winter to allow influenza to infect so many.

What's your hypothesis?

— Tony Breu (@tony_breu) October 18, 2019

Post-influenza infections

5/
Case 2 : 62F with CML s/p alloHSCT 2010, GVHD who was admitted with respiratory failure due to Influenza B. Subsequent sputum cultures also with MRSA and Klebsiella later in admission. Then pt also had an elevated GM from BAL sample concerning for aspergillosis.

— BIDMC Infectious Diseases Fellowship (@BIDMC_IDFellows) June 16, 2020

Updated 12/2020